Pinus nigra commonly known as Austrian Pine is a handsome large growing tree native to Austria and most of the Balkans. It can be long lived, with some trees over 500 years old. It needs full sun to grow well and is intolerant of shade. This is a very hardy tree that is resistant to snow and ice damage. Succeeds on most soil types, including chalk, but dislikes poorly drained moor land soils. It establishes quickly and soon becomes fast growing forming a densely needled shapely tree making it very popular for landscape planting; it has also been extensively planted for timber and in shelter-belts. In many parts of Europe it is planted as an ornamental tree in parks and gardens and also as a street tree. Its value as a street tree is largely due to its resistance to salt spray (from road de-icing salt) and various industrial pollutants. It is also suitable for coastal planting. It is sometimes grown for the Christmas tree trade because of its rapid growth, dense form and deep green colour.