Pinus Mugo is native to the mountains of central and southern Europe from Spain to the Balkan Peninsula. It is a variable species that is most often seen as a bushy, multi-stemmed shrub or broad-rounded small tree between 5 to 7m tall. Mature plants typically exhibit a dense habit, usually growing wider than tall. They can be pruned annually in late winter to retain their compact size. It is slow growing and can take 50 years to reach its maximum height and spread. It grows well in moist, well-drained loams in full sun and also in sandy soils, but less well in clay. Avoid poorly-drained wet soils. Plants prefer cool summer climates. Plants are generally tolerant of air pollution found in urban conditions and also browsing by deer.