Common names for Bombax ceiba, a member of the Malvaceae (also placed in the Bombacaceae), include Indian Kapok, the Red Cotton Tree, and the Simal Tree. The fruit of the simal tree produces silk-like floss often used in pillows, cushions, and blankets. Bombax ceiba is native to tropical Asia, temperate Asia, and parts of Australia. The trunk and stems of young trees are covered in sharp outgrowths to deter herbivores.

The mature trees often have wide buttresses for support. Flowering occurs during late summer to early autumn for three weeks and fruit is produced quite rapidly in a period of one month. The bisexual flowers require out crossing for successful fertilization. Flowers of Bombax ceiba illustrate a few floral innovations required for specialized pollination. The mature buds are nocturnal, meaning they open at night. They are bright red, held upright on the tips of strong branches, and produce copious amounts of nectar. This pollination syndrome is indicative of two pollinators: birds and bats. Among the many visitors to the tree (including bees, squirrels, and monkeys) only bats and birds pollinate the flowers. Many of the other animals that are found feasting on this trees supply are detrimental to the pollination process, through florivory (flower consumption). The worst offenders are monkeys who consume the nectar and half the flower, then nonchalantly toss the flower to the ground.