Owing to the wide range of habitats in which Canthium inerme occurs and the diverse environmental conditions associated with this, the species exhibits much variability in terms of growth form and size. Under forest conditions, where strong competition for light necessitates upward-reaching growth, heights of up to 14 m may be attained. In contrast, those in more exposed conditions grow notably shorter in height, commonly between 3 m and 7 m, and assume a more spreading habit and rounded crown. Trees may be single or multistemmed, with main stems achieving diameters of up to 360 mm. When young, the stems are smooth and pale grey, becoming rougher and darker with age, and forest specimens often exhibit impressive twisted and fluted stems with rough, flaking bark. The smooth, light-coloured stems are a very attractive feature of the species, allowing the tree to stand out visually against its surrounds. Canthium inerme, like so many tree species in southern Africa, is utilized for medicinal purposes, the leaves being used in the treatment of stomach ailments. The fruits are eaten by people. The tree has been much used as shelter for stock, while the wood, which is hard, heavy and tough, is handsome and has been used in wagon-making and for furniture. The species, with its horticultural potential becoming increasingly recognized, is now commonly encountered in the South African nursery trade.